Unity3d 虚拟摇杆实现模拟摩托车行驶小Demo

Unity3DCoach · 发表于 2016-12-9 14:19:33

今天，为大家分享一下，如何做到一个虚拟摇杆实现物体的移动和特定的操作。下面是简单通过虚拟摇杆可以实现摩托车的行驶。【PS:因为项目代码比较多，也许文章讲得不够全面清楚，希望大家能多多包涵。
另外受帖子字数限制，代码只能发部分，可以加群：575561285 讨论】
好吧！废话不多讲，直接进入主题吧！

1.新建unity3d 项目，然后自己可以合理搭一个场景，导入需要的资源，例如，我这边会导入一些摩托车的模型。
图1.png

2.首先考虑的是摩托车自身属性设置，然后可以给他们挂上脚本，属性：Pro_bike 5.js,控制声音：Bike_sound.js ，刹车控制：Skid Marks.js;
然后具体的代码如下：
Pro_bike 5.js

Bike_sound.js

#pragma strict
/// Writen by Boris Chuprin smokerr@mail.ru
var linkToBike : pro_bike5;// making a link to corresponding bike's script
//why it's here ? because you might use this script with many bikes in one scene
var lastGear : int;//we need to know what gear is now
private var highRPMAudio : AudioSource;// makeing second audioSource for mixing idle and high RPMs
private var skidSound : AudioSource;// makeing another audioSource for skidding sound
// creating sounds(Link it to real sound files at editor)
var engineStartSound : AudioClip;
var gearingSound : AudioClip;
var IdleRPM : AudioClip;
var highRPM : AudioClip;
var skid : AudioClip;
//we need to know is any wheel skidding
var isSkidingFront : boolean = false;
var isSkidingRear : boolean = false;
private var ctrlHub : GameObject;// gameobject with script control variables
private var outsideControls : controlHub;// making a link to corresponding bike's scriptt
function Start () {
ctrlHub = GameObject.Find("gameScenario");//link to GameObject with script "controlHub"
outsideControls = ctrlHub.GetComponent(controlHub);//to connect c# mobile control script to this one
//assign sound to audioSource
highRPMAudio = gameObject.AddComponent(AudioSource);
highRPMAudio.loop = true;
highRPMAudio.playOnAwake = false;
highRPMAudio.clip = highRPM;
highRPMAudio.pitch = 0;
highRPMAudio.volume = 0.0;
//same assign for skid sound
skidSound = gameObject.AddComponent(AudioSource);
skidSound.loop = false;
skidSound.playOnAwake = false;
skidSound.clip = skid;
skidSound.pitch = 1.0;
skidSound.volume = 1.0;
//real-time linking to current bike
linkToBike = this.GetComponent(pro_bike5);
GetComponent.<AudioSource>().PlayOneShot(engineStartSound);
playEngineWorkSound();
lastGear = linkToBike.CurrentGear;
}
function Update(){
//Idle plays high at slow speed and highRPM sound play silent at same time. And vice versa.
GetComponent.<AudioSource>().pitch = Mathf.Abs(linkToBike.EngineRPM / linkToBike.MaxEngineRPM) + 1.0;
GetComponent.<AudioSource>().volume = 1.0 - (Mathf.Abs(linkToBike.EngineRPM / linkToBike.MaxEngineRPM));
highRPMAudio.pitch = Mathf.Abs(linkToBike.EngineRPM / linkToBike.MaxEngineRPM);
highRPMAudio.volume = Mathf.Abs(linkToBike.EngineRPM / linkToBike.MaxEngineRPM);
// all engine sounds stop when restart
if (outsideControls.restartBike){
GetComponent.<AudioSource>().Stop();
GetComponent.<AudioSource>().pitch = 1.0;
GetComponent.<AudioSource>().PlayOneShot(engineStartSound);
playEngineWorkSound();
}
//gear change sound
if (linkToBike.CurrentGear != lastGear){
GetComponent.<AudioSource>().PlayOneShot(gearingSound);//звук переключения передач
lastGear = linkToBike.CurrentGear;
}
//skids sound
if (linkToBike.coll_rearWheel.sidewaysFriction.stiffness < 0.5 && !isSkidingRear && linkToBike.bikeSpeed >1){//почему 0.5 ? как бы лучше это обыграть ?
skidSound.Play();
isSkidingRear = true;
} else if (linkToBike.coll_rearWheel.sidewaysFriction.stiffness >= 0.5 && isSkidingRear || linkToBike.bikeSpeed <=1){
skidSound.Stop();
isSkidingRear = false;
}
if (linkToBike.coll_frontWheel.brakeTorque >= (linkToBike.frontBrakePower-10) && !isSkidingFront && linkToBike.bikeSpeed >1){
skidSound.Play();
isSkidingFront = true;
} else if (linkToBike.coll_frontWheel.brakeTorque < linkToBike.frontBrakePower && isSkidingFront || linkToBike.bikeSpeed <=1){
skidSound.Stop();
isSkidingFront = false;
}
}
function playEngineWorkSound(){
yield WaitForSeconds(1);//need a pause to hear ingnition sound first
GetComponent.<AudioSource>().clip = IdleRPM;
GetComponent.<AudioSource>().Play();
highRPMAudio.Play();
}

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Skid Marks.js

#pragma strict
var linkToBike : pro_bike5;
var skidMarkDecal : Transform;
private var hit : WheelHit;
private var skidMarkPos : Vector3;
private var rotationToLastSkidmark : Quaternion;
private var lastSkidMarkPos : Vector3;
private var relativePos : Vector3;
function Start () {
linkToBike = this.GetComponent(pro_bike5);
}
function FixedUpdate(){
//skidmarks for rear wheel(braking drifting)
if (linkToBike.coll_rearWheel.sidewaysFriction.stiffness < 0.5 && linkToBike.bikeSpeed >1){
if (linkToBike.coll_rearWheel.GetGroundHit(hit)){
skidMarkPos = hit.point;
skidMarkPos.y += 0.02;
skidMarkDecal.transform.localScale.x = 1.0;
if (lastSkidMarkPos != Vector3.zero){
relativePos = lastSkidMarkPos - skidMarkPos;
rotationToLastSkidmark = Quaternion.LookRotation(relativePos);
Instantiate(skidMarkDecal, skidMarkPos, rotationToLastSkidmark);
}
lastSkidMarkPos = skidMarkPos;
}
}
//skidmarks for front wheel(braking)
if (linkToBike.coll_frontWheel.brakeTorque >= (linkToBike.frontBrakePower-10) && linkToBike.bikeSpeed >1){
if (linkToBike.coll_frontWheel.GetGroundHit(hit)){
skidMarkPos = hit.point;
skidMarkPos.y += 0.02;
skidMarkDecal.transform.localScale.x = 0.6;
if (lastSkidMarkPos != Vector3.zero){
relativePos = lastSkidMarkPos - skidMarkPos;
rotationToLastSkidmark = Quaternion.LookRotation(relativePos);
Instantiate(skidMarkDecal, skidMarkPos, rotationToLastSkidmark);
}
lastSkidMarkPos = skidMarkPos;
}
}
}
function Update () {
}

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【脚本参数设置如图】
图2_0.png

3.接下来，我们需要在场景中，新建一个gameScenario游戏对象GameObject，作为整个游戏控制中心，并且在gameScenario对象中附加速度控制：Speedometer.js
控制整个游戏对象：controlHub.cs

Speedometer.js

//speedometer
var GUIDashboard : Texture2D;
var dashboardArrow : Texture2D;
private var topSpeed: float;//220 for sport/ 180 for chopper
private var stopAngle: float;//-200 for sport/ ... for chopper
private var topSpeedAngle: float;
var speed: float;
//tachometer
var chronoTex: Texture2D;
private var topRPM: float;// 14000 for sport/ ... for chopper
private var stopRPMAngle: float;//-200 for sport/... ... for chopper
private var topRPMAngle: float;
var RPM: float;
//link to bike script
var linkToBike : pro_bike5;
function Start () {
linkToBike = GameObject.Find("rigid_bike").GetComponent("pro_bike5");
findCurrentBike();
}
function OnGUI() {
// speedometer
GUI.DrawTexture(Rect(Screen.width*0.85, Screen.height*0.55, GUIDashboard.width/2, GUIDashboard.height/2), GUIDashboard);
var centre = Vector2(Screen.width*0.85 + GUIDashboard.width / 4, Screen.height*0.55 + GUIDashboard.height / 4);
var savedMatrix = GUI.matrix;
var speedFraction = speed / topSpeed;
var needleAngle = Mathf.Lerp(stopAngle, topSpeedAngle, speedFraction);
GUIUtility.RotateAroundPivot(needleAngle, centre);
GUI.DrawTexture(Rect(centre.x, centre.y - dashboardArrow.height/4, dashboardArrow.width/2, dashboardArrow.height/2), dashboardArrow);
GUI.matrix = savedMatrix;
//tachometer
GUI.DrawTexture(Rect(Screen.width*0.65, Screen.height*0.5, chronoTex.width/1.5, chronoTex.height/1.5), chronoTex);
var centreTacho = Vector2(Screen.width*0.65 + chronoTex.width / 3, Screen.height*0.5+ chronoTex.height / 3);
var savedTachoMatrix = GUI.matrix;
var tachoFraction = RPM / topRPM;
var needleTachoAngle = Mathf.Lerp(stopRPMAngle, topRPMAngle, tachoFraction);
GUIUtility.RotateAroundPivot(needleTachoAngle, centreTacho);
GUI.DrawTexture(Rect(centreTacho.x, centreTacho.y - dashboardArrow.height/3, dashboardArrow.width/1.5, dashboardArrow.height/1.5), dashboardArrow);
GUI.matrix = savedTachoMatrix;
}
function FixedUpdate(){
speed = linkToBike.bikeSpeed;
RPM = linkToBike.EngineRPM;
}
function findCurrentBike(){
var curBikeName : GameObject;
curBikeName = GameObject.Find("rigid_bike");
if (curBikeName != null){
SetSpeedometerSettings("sport");
return;
}
}
function SetSpeedometerSettings(par : String){
if (par == "sport"){
topSpeed = 210;
stopAngle = -215;
topSpeedAngle = 0;
topRPM = 12000;
stopRPMAngle = -200;
topRPMAngle = 0;
yield WaitForSeconds(0.5);
var linkToBike1 = GameObject.Find("rigid_bike").GetComponent("pro_bike5");
linkToBike = linkToBike1;
}
}

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controlHub.cs

using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;
//this is script contains all variables translated to bike's script.
//so, it's just a holder for all control variables
//mobile/keyboard scripts sends nums(float, int, bools) to this one
public class controlHub : MonoBehaviour {//need that for mobile controls
public float Vertical;//variable translated to bike script for bike accelerate/stop and leaning
public float Horizontal;//variable translated to bike script for pilot's mass shift
public float VerticalMassShift;//variable for pilot's mass translate along bike
public float HorizontalMassShift;//variable for pilot's mass translate across bike
public bool ESPMode;//variable for turn ESP on and off
public bool rearBrakeOn;//this variable says to bike's script to use rear brake
public bool restartBike;//this variable says to bike's script restart
public bool fullRestartBike; //this variable says to bike's script to full restart
public bool reverse;//for reverse speed
}

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4.场景中相机的跟随和切换类：camSwitcher.cs;

using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;
public class camSwitcher : MonoBehaviour
{
public Camera backCamera;
public Camera aroundCamera;
public Transform cameraTarget;
private Camera currentCamera;
//////////////////// for back Camera
float dist = 3.0f;
float height = 1.0f;
//////////////////// for around Camera
private float distance = 3.0f;
private float xSpeed = 10.0f;
private float ySpeed = 10.0f;
private float yMinLimit = -90;
private float yMaxLimit = 90;
private float distanceMin = 2;
private float distanceMax = 10;
private float x = 0.0f;
private float y = 0.0f;
private float smoothTime = 0.2f;
private float xSmooth = 0.0f;
private float ySmooth = 0.0f;
private float xVelocity = 0.0f;
private float yVelocity = 0.0f;
//new camera behaviour
private float currentTargetAngle;
private GameObject ctrlHub;// gameobject with script control variables
private controlHub outsideControls;// making a link to corresponding bike's script
// Use this for initialization
void Start ()
{
ctrlHub = GameObject.Find("gameScenario");//link to GameObject with script "controlHub"
outsideControls = ctrlHub.GetComponent<controlHub>();//to connect c# mobile control script to this one
backCamera.enabled = true;
aroundCamera.enabled = false;
currentCamera = backCamera;
if (GetComponent<Rigidbody> ()) GetComponent<Rigidbody> ().freezeRotation = true;
currentTargetAngle = cameraTarget.transform.eulerAngles.z;
}
// Update is called once per frame
void LateUpdate ()
{
#if UNITY_STANDALONE || UNITY_WEBPLAYER// turn camera rotaion ONLY for mobile for free touch screen anywhere
if (Input.GetMouseButton (1)) {
backCamera.enabled = false;
aroundCamera.enabled = true;
backCamera.gameObject.SetActive (false);
aroundCamera.gameObject.SetActive (true);
currentCamera = aroundCamera;
x += Input.GetAxis ("Mouse X") * xSpeed;
y -= Input.GetAxis ("Mouse Y") * ySpeed;
y = Mathf.Clamp (y, yMinLimit, yMaxLimit);
xSmooth = Mathf.SmoothDamp (xSmooth, x, ref xVelocity, smoothTime);
ySmooth = Mathf.SmoothDamp (ySmooth, y, ref yVelocity, smoothTime);
distance = Mathf.Clamp (distance + Input.GetAxis ("Mouse ScrollWheel") * distance, distanceMin, distanceMax);
currentCamera.transform.localRotation = Quaternion.Euler (ySmooth, xSmooth, 0);
currentCamera.transform.position = currentCamera.transform.rotation * new Vector3 (0.0f, 0.0f, -distance) + cameraTarget.position;
} else {
#endif
backCamera.enabled = true;
aroundCamera.enabled = false;
backCamera.gameObject.SetActive (true);
aroundCamera.gameObject.SetActive (false);
currentCamera = backCamera;
//////////////////// code for back Camera
backCamera.fieldOfView = backCamera.fieldOfView + outsideControls.Vertical * 20f * Time.deltaTime;
if (backCamera.fieldOfView > 85) {
backCamera.fieldOfView = 85;
}
if (backCamera.fieldOfView < 50) {
backCamera.fieldOfView = 50;
}
if (backCamera.fieldOfView < 60) {
backCamera.fieldOfView = backCamera.fieldOfView += 10f * Time.deltaTime;
}
if (backCamera.fieldOfView > 60) {
backCamera.fieldOfView = backCamera.fieldOfView -= 10f * Time.deltaTime;
}
float wantedRotationAngle = cameraTarget.eulerAngles.y;
float wantedHeight = cameraTarget.position.y + height;
float currentRotationAngle = currentCamera.transform.eulerAngles.y;
float currentHeight = currentCamera.transform.position.y;
currentRotationAngle = Mathf.LerpAngle (currentRotationAngle, wantedRotationAngle, 3 * Time.deltaTime);
currentHeight = Mathf.Lerp (currentHeight, wantedHeight, 2 * Time.deltaTime);
Quaternion currentRotation = Quaternion.Euler (0, currentRotationAngle, 0);
currentCamera.transform.position = cameraTarget.position;
currentCamera.transform.position -= currentRotation * Vector3.forward * dist;
currentCamera.transform.position = new Vector3 (currentCamera.transform.position.x, currentHeight, currentCamera.transform.position.z);
currentCamera.transform.LookAt (cameraTarget);
//New camera features.
//Now camera leaning with biker, so horizon is not always horizontal :)
//If you don't like it, just disable
//from this -----------------------------------------------------------------------
// rotate camera according with bike leaning
if (cameraTarget.transform.eulerAngles.z >0 && cameraTarget.transform.eulerAngles.z < 180) {
currentTargetAngle = cameraTarget.transform.eulerAngles.z/10;
}
if (cameraTarget.transform.eulerAngles.z >180){
currentTargetAngle = -(360-cameraTarget.transform.eulerAngles.z)/10;
}
currentCamera.transform.rotation = Quaternion.Euler (height*10, currentRotationAngle, currentTargetAngle);
//to this -------------------------------------------------------------------------
#if UNITY_STANDALONE || UNITY_WEBPLAYER// turn camera rotaion ONLY for mobile for free touch screen anywhere
}
#endif
}
}

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5.讲到这一步是比较关键的，正是通过GUI做出虚拟摇杆，虚拟摇杆控制类：mobileControls.cs;

6.最后直接运行看效果。【PS:HAHA！有空动手练练也是蛮有趣的】
图6_0.png

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Unity3d 虚拟摇杆实现 模拟摩托车行驶小Demo

Unity3d 虚拟摇杆实现模拟摩托车行驶小Demo